南亚区域制造业升级与中国企业的参与路径 ——以印度与孟加拉为案例的比较研究
Keywords:
南亚制造业;中国企业;印度;孟加拉国;国际产能合作;区域价值链Abstract
南亚制造业的崛起正在重塑全球产业版图。印度与孟加拉国分别代表了两种不同的工业化路径:前者以自主创新和市场规模为核心,后者以成本优势与出口导向为特征。中国企业的进入,使两国制造业的升级呈现出互动式的演进逻辑。本文以比较研究为主线,分析了印度和孟加拉制造业的结构差异、政策导向与发展阶段,进而探讨中国企业在不同制度与市场环境下的投资策略、合作模式与本地化路径。研究发现,中国企业在印度主要采取技术合作与市场渗透并行的策略,而在孟加拉更倾向于通过产业园区和供应链协同实现产能合作。制度不确定性、基础设施瓶颈、劳动力结构差异与地缘政治风险,是当前合作面临的主要制约。未来,中国企业应以政策协调、绿色转型和价值共建为导向,推动区域制造业协同升级。研究的意义在于揭示南亚制造业与中国国际化战略的互动关系,为构建中南亚可持续合作模式提供政策参考与理论支撑。
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